The End Of World War I - 2396 Words

Almost a century has passed since the end of World War One, and the 1917 Belfour Declaration, which endorsed the establishment of a Jewish national home in Palestine and the preservation of the civil and religious rights of non-Jewish Palestinian communities. Consequently, the British Mandate in the region of Israel, the former Palestine, which was initiated and endorsed by the League of Nations in 1922, and which incorporated the Belfour Declaration. The control of Israel has changed hands multiple times since then and subsequently, its borders have shifted considerably and always to the disadvantage of the Palestinians and Arabs. The League of Nations approval of the British Mandate and Belfour Declaration, was roundly rejected by Arabs and Palestinians whose hatred and fear of a Jewish State has led to the heated arguments and unrelenting Arab/Israeli conflicts that continues to this day. In this paper, I will outline and discuss the controversial â€Å"Partition Plan’s †, of 1937 and 1947 respectively, which have concurrently shaped and reflected the state of the conflict throughout the 20th century. This paper will attempt to provide an unbiased account of the positions of both parties on the presented issues, however I will, in my conclusion, provide my opinion on the matter in light of all the information and facts provided. The fate of the Palestine in 1922, when the British Mandate was fully implemented with League of Nations approval was largely unknown. WithShow MoreRelatedThe End Of World War I : The End Of World War One815 Words   |  4 PagesThere are 816 words On November 11, 1918, the two sides of the war signed an agreement that was to be put to action at eleven oclock that same day. Two minutes before the armistice agreement would be put into play, Private George Price was shot and killed by a German sniper’s bullet in the French village of Ville-sur-Haine. Seconds later,at precisely at eleven a.m., all weapons and guns stopped. Soldiers and officers got up from their trenches and dugouts, bowed, and left the battlefield.Read MoreThe End Of World War I875 Words   |  4 PagesThe years following the end of World War I were a time of transition, leaving behind in its trail of destruction several devastated nations and historic changes that could not have been foreseen. Harsh treaties were imposed upon the defeated nations by the victorious western powers. Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Turkey and Bulgaria were stripped of substantial territories and significant war reparations were imposed (Brower and Sanders 64 – 65). The United States of America retreated from EuropeanRead MoreThe End Of World War I969 Words   |  4 Pagesmarketed the end of World War I. During the 2 yeas the United States fought, women became part of the labor force as well as African Americans, the Nineteenth Amendment was passed and factories were booming. Even After the war men returned to the work force and quality of life started to improve. October 1929, the stock market crashed as a result of many buying goods on credit. The Great Depression was the worst in American history and lasted until 1939 before America started in War preparationsRead MoreThe End Of World War I1329 Words   |  6 PagesBefore World War I, the countries of Europe competed with one another in a race to colonize the world. The end of World War I brought national sovereignty, and an end to colonization to the forefront of the Allies’ concerns as they drew up plans for peace, and as a result, the Allied countries received former enemy coloni es to watch over and guide to independence1. As a result of this mandate system, among other colonies, France received Syria. Instead of guiding Syria to independence, however, asRead MoreThe End Of The World War I2100 Words   |  9 PagesWorld War I, which lasted from 1914 to 1918, was one of the bloodiest wars in the history of the world, its horrors surpassed only by World War II. The start of the war can be traced back to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in June 1918 by Gavrilo Princip, a member of a Bosnian Serb rebel group wishing to liberate ethnically Serbian parts of Bosnia from the Austro-Hungarian Empire and integrate them with the neighboring Kingdom of Serbia. The assassination led to aRead MoreThe End Of World War I1909 Words   |  8 Pagesstart of World War I, this was not the case. World War I began on July 28, 1914 when Austria declared war on Serbia because the Serbs did not accept all parts of the ultimatum sent to them. Becau se of previously established alliances, this initial declaration of war led to a deeper conflict. The Triple Alliance or Central Powers, which consisted of Germany, Austro-Hungary, and Italy, was soon at war with the Allies, which consisted of Russia, Britain, and France (Ellis 454-455). During World War IRead MoreThe End Effects Of World War I1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe End Effects of World War I World War I dragged on for a total of four years. Many were killed, some by another soldier, a mishap with a plane, or illness. On November 11, 1918, the war ended with an Armistice. The Armistice of World War I allowed the war to end without a winner. Germany got the heaviest load. The end of the war brought The Great Depression. Germany suffered the most during the Depression. The end of the war ignited a spark in many people that led to the roaring fire of WorldRead MoreWorld War I Predicted as the War to End all Wars847 Words   |  3 PagesWith the end of Great War in 1918, the world struggled to form a structure of peace that would avoid another world conflagration. It was anticipated that World War I would be â€Å"the war to end all wars.† President Woodrow Wilson was the primary leader to achieve this goal with his 14 Points making and keeping the peace in the world. Albeit the Treaty of Versailles amalgamated many of Wilson’s points, it struggled to be rati fied in the Senate. The defeat of the Treaty of Versailles was largely due toRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles And The End Of World War I1487 Words   |  6 PagesThe Treaty of Versailles was one of many peace treaties signed at the end of World War I. It ended war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed June 28, 1919. The signing of this treaty fell on the fifth anniversary of Archduke Franz Ferdinand’s assassination. Ferdinand was the prince of Hungary and Bohemia up until the date of his death. He was an heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. The Treaty of Versailles was drafted or created by the representatives of Great Britain, Japan, theRead MoreThe End Of World War I Enhanced Americans1020 Words   |  5 PagesThe end of World War I enhanced Americans’ confidence in their country as well as in themselves. The 1920s brought about flappers, the Charleston, and a radical turn of the century. During these 10 years, society’s disposition began to change to fit the newer, more youthful movements. The Harlem Renaissance caused an uproar of newfound interest in literature, music, art, and black culture. Jazz music became popular, more black writers such as Zora Neale Hurston came to prominence, and dancers like

Philippine Immigration in the USA after 1990 Essay

The U.S. colonized the Philippines between 1900 and 1934. This had a significant impact on the mass immigration of the Filipinos. The Filipino immigrants were then made U.S. nationals and granted the opportunity of settling in the U.S. and protected by its law and constitution. The increase in demand for labor in California farmlands and Hawaiian plantation led to a surge of Filipino immigrants seeking these jobs (Abraham 14). They mostly came from the provinces of Cebu and Ilocos. The demand for labor in these farms was attributed to the exit of the Japanese work force from the plantations. The immigrants from Philippines mostly comprised of a subgroup known as Sakadas, who entered Hawaii as U.S. nationals. However, they did not enjoy†¦show more content†¦About 3 million undocumented immigrants applied for amnesty out of which 2.7 were legalized under the amnesty program (Martin 17). After enactment of this IRCA act, there were adjustments and modification made on it by Con gress with regards to the numerical limit and preference system. This saw Congress table a bill in the house that was later signed by President Bush in 1990 and currently known as the Immigration act of 1990. This Act laid emphasis on increasing the numerical limit of immigrants, revise the preference system, introduce diversity program and give a higher priority to employment based immigration. This law introduced an annual level of 675,000 immigrants per year in 1995 that included 480,000 for family related, 140,000 for employment-based and 55, 000 for diversity immigrants. The Diversity Lottery Program has facilitated the admission of 50,000 immigrants from countries that have a low number of immigrants in the last five years. The attorney general is the person who determines the number of visas to be issued and to which countries on the basis of information which they have gathered over the last five years. However, the act gave priority to employment based immigration that rose from 54,000 visas to 140,000 annually. The 140,000 visas are divided among three groups that each receives 40,000 and two that receive 10,000 each. Today,Show MoreRelatedFilm, Nancy Ghertner, And Each Of The Five Immigrant1280 Words   |  6 PagesAfter I Pick the Fruit records the lives of five immigrant farmworker women, only two of them are documented over approximately a ten-year span. This film shows the development of several friendships made between the filmmaker, Nancy Ghertner, and each of the five immigrant farmworker women. This documentary illustrates the struggle these women go through to satisfy their roles as workers, as well as wives and mothers. As the filmmaker learned more about these women, she made it her goal to raiseRead MoreAnalyzing And Exploring The Global City2530 Words   |  11 Pagesand various other reasons (Singer 2). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in America and Sydney, New South Wales in Australia have similar immigration patterns, settlement trends, and impacts. However, the communities of immigrants tend to not follow the same behaviors in both cities. Immigration is vital for continuous economi c and social growth. Thus, what impact does immigration have on these two cities? In 2011, Australia’s population was 26% migrants compared to America’s, which was only 13% (4102.0 -Read MoreGlobalization: Human Migration3737 Words   |  15 PagesThe Philippines: Globalization and Migration By Anny Misa Hefti Globalization is synonymous to the phenomenon of acceleration. For the past 25 years rapid changes have affected political, economic and social developments. Acceleration is seen in vast technological changes, media revolution, global economic integration and massive changes in production systems and labour markets. All these rapid increases in transnational flow of capital, trade and technology have marked its effects on internationalRead MoreUs Immigration Policy3707 Words   |  15 PagesStates Immigration Policy Our economic times, international relations, and terrorism have shaped our countries immigration policy. These issues have driven us to pass legislation opening and closing our borders in response to current events. Though not always at the forefront of concern, it has been a constant struggle that has affected the dynamics of our country. Arizona’s recent passing of tough immigration laws aimed at identifying and deporting illegal immigrants has again put immigration atRead MoreThe Usa Foreign Policy Is Questionable2160 Words   |  9 Pages Many say that the USA foreign policy is questionable because in most cases war is not chosen as a first resort. China and Russia, and international community tried to oust United States from two important US commissions. These new rift opened in 2001 when United States was blamed about inserting their dominance on weaker countries. The US the international community came together to stop this predominance in world affairs (). Is America only intervening when it suits to their self-interest? ThatRead MoreEU Trade and Development Policies7100 Words   |  29 PagesRussia†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦17 7. European Union’s Relations with Other Soviet Republics†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..19 8. The European Union and Asia†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..19 9. The European Union’s Relations with Australia and New Zealand†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦21 10. The European Union and USA†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..22 11. The European Union and Latin America†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..23 12. Conclusions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 13. Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..24 2 1. The Common Commercial Policy The relationship betweenRead MoreFeasibility Study for a Beach Resort16987 Words   |  68 Pagesof this paper, the project will turnout profitable, with a payback period of less than 10 years, with an IRR of 14% and an NPV of php5.878M. I. Project Background A. LOCATION BACKGROUND Mindoro is the seventh-largest island in the Philippines. It is located in southwestern Luzon, just northeast of Palawan.[1] It is about 10,000 square kilometers in size, and is the nearest big island to Manila. Two provinces make up the island, Mindoro Oriental and Mindoro Occidental. It is endowedRead MoreLgbt19540 Words   |  79 Pages| * LGBT/Queer studies * Lesbian feminism * Queer theory * Transfeminism * Lavender linguistics | LGBT portal | * v * t * e | LGBT is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the term is an adaptation of the initialism LGB, which itself started replacing the term gay when in reference to the LGBT community beginning in the mid-to-late 1980s,[1] as many felt the term gay community did not accurately represent all thoseRead MoreLegalization of Same Sex Marriage9779 Words   |  40 PagesTHE LEGALIZATION OF SAME SEX MARRIAGE AS ASSESED BY CITHM STUDENTS S.Y. 2011-2012 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the College of International Tourism And Hospitality Management LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Tourism By Ang, Dianne Marie M. Bayot, Donalynne B. October 2011 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION    In our generation today, homosexualsRead MoreHow Far Does the Disaster of 1898 Account for the Growth of Catalan and Basque Nationalism?3016 Words   |  13 Pagesmillion pesatas in 1895. For the region’s major textile industry, the markets of Cuba and Puerto Rico accounted for one-fifth of the entire output of its cotton mills. In surrendering control, by 1902 the territories of Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines now received just 6.2% of Catalan textile produce, a decline from 22% in 1896. Within Catalonia, a feeling that defeat had been caused by years of faulty centralism by a corrupt administration ended any trust Catalan business had placed in the Restoration

Value of science Free Essays

Richard Funnyman Is a world renowned physicists, he is known especially for his help In the development of the atomic bomb. Considering that he Is the creator of the worlds most dangerous weapon, The Value of Science can be interpreted on an entirely different level as Funnyman goes back and forth on the concepts of good vs.. We will write a custom essay sample on Value of science or any similar topic only for you Order Now Evil as a way to reflect his moral conscience. Richard Funnyman’ morality can be seen through his passages about good and evil in the world of science and the world outside of science. During Funnyman’ opening point he states that when good things re created because of science It Is because â€Å"moral choice† (Funnyman 64) led them to that discovery. In other words, when someone makes something beneficial in science it is simply because while they were making it they were considering what is right and wrong. He continues by saying that each scientist is given the power â€Å"to do either good or bad† (Funnyman 64). However, there are no instructions on how to decipher which one you are doing. Therefore, you could create something disastrous due to the lack of direction. In addition, he references a Buddhist proverb, â€Å"To every man Is given the key to the gates of heaven; the same key opens the gates of hell† (Funnyman 64). He is relating this quote to the good and bad choices that can be made in science. For example, in the proverb the â€Å"kef’ would be the science, â€Å"heaven† would be the good that can come from science, and â€Å"hell† would be the bad that can come from science. However, whether it be the power to do something good or bad or the key to heaven or hell there are never and instructions on which choices will lead you here. If you don’t have Instructions, â€Å"the key may be a dangerous object to use† (Funnyman 64). Based on the diction he uses In this section It suggests that he Is feelings guilty for the effects of the atomic bomb since he is using words such as â€Å"bad†, â€Å"evil†, and â€Å"dangerous†. It suggests that perhaps Funnyman feels as if he opened the gate to hell rather than the gate to heaven through his invention. His guilt is further shown with his comparison of science to the world outside of science. Richard Funnyman uses things outside of science to compare and Justify his morals about what he has done In science. For example, he states that education, communication, and applied science can be a â€Å"strong force, but for either good or evil† (Funnyman 69). It can be interpreted that he is referencing the atomic bomb by the repetition of the words â€Å"strong force† because the atomic bomb is the most feared bomb in the world due to how much power it is has. Also, when he says that these strong forces can be used for â€Å"good or evil† (Funnyman 69) it could mean that the mob could be used for good, In which cases It wouldn’t harm any civilians, or It can be used for evil, like how It was used In World War II where the bomb was used and killed 80,000 people instantly. He is using these examples outside of science as a way to show that, yes, science can create horror, but there are so many other things in the world that can create the same outcome. Following this further, he states that â€Å"nearly everybody dislikes war and continues by saying that â€Å"our dream today is peace† (Funnyman 69). However, he further explains this point by giving an example of how eventually peace turns Into a bad thing also. This rationale used by Funnyman war. If this is the case, his example of peace being a bad thing would reference the fact that, the atomic bomb ended the war, but there was so much horror in the way it ended that it is impossible to actually have peace. The passage â€Å"Education, for Good and Evil† as a whole suggests that he is trying to take attention off of science alone being bad, by bring other things into the equation. This section of his writing shows his morality through his diction and repetition, if there were no remorse for his decisions the whole piece would take a completely different purpose. Origin, an ancient theologian, once said, â€Å"the power of choosing good and evil is within the reach of all. † Richard Funnyman shows that this is entirely possible to do, given that the person making the decision is in touch with their morals. Good things can be created from knowledge, but the biggest part of creating something great is the use of moral choices. How to cite Value of science, Papers

Business Level Strategy Generic Strategies

Question: Discuss about the Business Level Strategy for Generic Strategies. Answer: Business Ethics: A Sustainability Approach Business ethics and sustainability are two different aspects identified as the moral principles in the current corporate domain (Kain and Sharma 2014). Krishna, Dangayach and Jain (2011) affirmed that in concrete terms, ethical aspect of the business reflects business philosophy and precedence, which prohibit the work practices to be performed in an unethical manner. In order to ensure long-term sustainability of the business operations, organizations need to follow an ethical approach in their regular activities. The empirical studies conducted by Brunk (2010) and Chen-McCain, Tsai and Bellino (2010) raised concerns in terms of the management of different businesses related to engagement in unethical practices which in turn can hamper the brand reputation, customers trust, loyalty and societal image as well. Conducting business with ethical consideration should be the major priority for every organization, as the consequence of unethical practices can bring about a hefty amount of f ines for the business entity along with a major tarnish in its reputation in the market (Krishna, Dangayach and Jain 2011). Sustainability refers to an essential aspect of performing the business operations with a consistent performance along with fulfilling the requirements and ensuring satisfaction of the customers and all other stakeholders as well. Sustainability is a wider concept that leads the business to remain committed with the internal and external stakeholders socially, economically and environmentally. In the present decade, organizations were continuously pressurised by its stakeholders to enhance their performance in a sustainable and ethical manner to provide benefits to its stakeholders (Krishna, Dangayach and Jain 2011). The authors of the article business ethics: A sustainability approach believed that a business could gain benefits by involving in the unethical and unsustainable practices, but such practices are likely to undermine the prospects of the economy and other external aspects over time. The key principle of modern business environment is to emphasise ethical aspects from bot h internal and external purposes which further allows the organizations to conduct their business in a sustainable manner. The authors of the article further suggested that the current practice primarily instructs employees to follow written guidelines or principles, though they are still unable to ensure the presence of ethics and sustainability in business. Providing training and supervising performance of employees are key driving constituents in maintaining sustainability and ethical practice in the organization. According to the view of Krishna, Dangayach and Jain (2011), monitoring the environmental practices, appointing professionals and enhancing knowledge on the work culture maintenance are major aspects of the ethical and sustainable practices. Apart from environmental aspects, economic and social factors are also cornerstones in maintaining a business with sustainable and ethical considerations. Broni (2010) presented a similar view by affirming that providing a safe and secure work environment along with equal treatment to employees; organizations can easily enhance their performance with higher reputation and market preferences. Krishna, Dangayach and Jain (2011) reflected that including agencies with external expertise to assist the management in maintaining ethics and sustainable practice has become a common practice in the current business setting. Krishna, Dangayach and Jain (2011) render a lucid comprehension regarding the factors that have gained considerable attention to enhance businesses performance. Among these factors ensuring ethical and sustainable practices within the work environment is recognised to be vital. However, certain recommendations are suggested to the authors of the article that the study could provide more transparent outcome by explaining practical viewpoints or situations in which modern organizations started to adopt ethical and sustainable practices more actively. In the article, the authors mainly concentrated on the theoretical perspectives. Thus, it can be recommended that conducting a survey with the employees, who have received formal training to deal with such aspects, might be beneficial in reflecting the drawbacks of unethical practices and providing suggestions on implementing new policy measures to reform the ethical and sustainable approaches for the business. Moreover, the outcome of the study also lacks precise summary on the evidences of whether the employees with training experience can perform responsible actions in a more ethical and sustainable manner or not. Besides, it has been presented by the authors of the article that in the current market organizations adopt several strategic measures to evaluate business ethics, but they do not name any of the mechanisms that are currently followed in the business domain. A Stakeholder Approach to CSR: A Fresh Perspective into Theory and Practice The study conducted by Jamali (2008) reflected Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as the duties, responsibilities and obligations of an organization to act in an ethical manner by remaining responsible towards cultural, social, economic as well as environmental issues related to the business. Implementing the approaches of CSR in the organizational practices facilitates the business to manage its respective activities by eliminating risk factors, improving competitiveness and strengthening the relationship with regulatory entities or stakeholders. In todays business domain, organizations are operating in the global context by involving in the both national as well as international levels. According to Jamali (2008) business involvement in the CSR practices allows the organization to enrich its customers preferences, market share and brand reputation by stating that the management will always remain committed towards the social, economic and environmental aspects. Enhancing busines s reputation or image among the potential customers further helps to place the organization on a higher level in front of the national and international stakeholders. Jamali (2008) asserted that the major stakeholders of the organization in both national and international levels include employees, customers, suppliers, investors and the community only, when the business operates in other nations. The CSR actions of the business differ based on the interests and values of different stakeholders. For instance, the interests and perspectives of the employees in domestic and international market adopted in the CSR activities are ensured with developing equitable reward and remuneration approach, providing fair working environment, investment in benefits programs for the employees and promoting diversity among others. Involvement of interests of national and international stakeholders is a valuable attribute in enriching the overall profitability of the organization by enhancing the reputation and customer relationship. Concerning the high competitive business environment, organizations are highly pressurised by its stakeholders to have proper balance between companies and communities with the adaptation of several CSR activities. Contextually, performing business operations linked with the CSR allows the organization to ensure business succession along with developing reciprocal relationships with the surrounding communities as well (Jamali 2008). The significance of the outcome presented by Jamali (2008) can be justified with the fact that the CSR practice in the modern business setting is the most important phenomena. CSR allows organizations to promote their operational standards by performing acts that are contributing towards benefits of the society thereby improving the organizational image or reputation. A number of empirical studies have exhibited decisive impacts of upholding CSR on the business performance and financial sustainability (Rajput, Batra and Pathak, 2012; Karagiorgos 2010), brand value (Abdolvand and Charsetad 2013), customer behaviour (Wu and Lin 2014) and business performance as well (Bedenik et al. 2013). To remain connected with the stakeholders and maximise their values and interests, CSR activities have become an important constituent for organizations in the present competitive marketplace. Jamalis (2008) study provides diversified perspective of the CSR practices that organizations have adopted wi th due consideration of the stakeholders preferences in the national and international levels. However, it can be recommended to the author of the article that future research might concentrate on categorising the shareholders management approach in terms of national and international perspectives. Moreover, further concentration should be on presenting the possible adverse impacts for organizations due to their non-involvement in the CSR practices. The study conducted by Krishna, Dangayach and Jain (2011) reflected that organizations ensure sustainable operations by involving ethical conducts. On the other hand, Jamali (2008) asserted that CSR is an effective approach to developing relationship with the stakeholders and reducing uncertainties in the business activities in the social environment. Both the studies presented the concept of developing a positive perception on stakeholders and further contributed to the enrichment of the brand image by engaging ethical, sustainable and CSR activities within strategic priority. The value of stakeholders will be affected and likely to create adverse impact on the performance of companies that are involved in unethical practices or do not adopt CSR practices. References Abdolvand, M Charsetad, P 2013, Corporate social responsibility and brand equity in industrial marketing, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 273-284. Bedenik, N. O et al., 2013, Corporate social responsibility and company performance: Evidence from four European countries, The Holistic Approach to Environment, vol. 3, iss. 3, pp. 153-173. Broni, J V G 2010, Ethical dimensions in the conduct of business: Business ethics, corporate social responsibility and the law: The "ethics in business" as a sense of business ethics, International Conference on Applied Economics, pp. 795-819. Brunk, K H 2010, Exploring origins of ethical company/brand perceptions: A consumer perspective of corporate ethics, Journal of Business Research, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 255-262. Chen-McCain, S L, Tsai, H Bellino, N 2010, Organizational justice, employees' ethical behaviour, and job satisfaction in the casino industry, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 992-1009. Jamali, D 2008, A stakeholder approach to corporate social responsibility: A fresh perspective into theory and practice,Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 213-231. Kain, P Sharma, S 2014, Business ethics as competitive advantage for companies in the globalized era, Journal of Management Sciences and Technology,vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 39-46. Karagiorgos, T 2010, Corporate social responsibility and financial performance: An empirical analysis on Greek companies, European Research Studies, vol. 13, iss. 4, pp. 85-108. Krishna, A, Dangayach, G S Jainabc, R 2011, Business ethics: A sustainability approach,Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,vol. 25, pp. 281-286. Rajput, N, Batra, G Pathak, R 2012, Linking CSR and financial performance: An empirical validation, Problems and Perspectives in Management, vol. 10, iss. 2, pp. 42-49. Wu, S I Lin, H F 2014, The correlation of CSR and consumer behavior: A study of convenience store, International Journal of Marketing Studies, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 66-80.

Michael Jordan Essays (1054 words) - Michael Jordan,

Michael Jordan Who Influenced Michael Jordan to Become the Player and Person He is Today? Well everyone has they're own opinion about Michael Jordan, but one thing is certain, he is a phenomenal athlete with a unique combination of grace, power, artistry and the improvisational ability. He is not only the top player of his Era, but is quite possibly the best player to wear the uniform of a NBA team. He is the most recognizable athlete in the world and is believed to be the best there ever was, is, or ever will be. (NBA.com) A person to this magnitude has obviously a success, being able to have a family of his own and, knowing that there are thousands of people looking up to him, and being many people's idol. To be able to stand the pressure of being a national symbol of greatness, you have to have a driving force. This driving force has been known to be the edge a lot of people have needed to make it over. Michael Jordan's family helped him to fight and become one of the most influential, successful, and professional sports figures ever. Body Michael Jeffrey Jordan was born on February 17, 1963, in Brooklyn, NY, to a proud Deloris and James Jordan. (Nba.com; BioLife.com) Now this very first point may seem like no big deal but it's something in itself. Jordan almost wasn't born. In 1963, when Deloris was carrying Mike her mother died unexpectedly causing her to fall into a deep depression and stress period. Fearing a miscarriage the family doctor ordered her to bed rest. (Greene 12; NBA.com) "I Davis 3 always said that Michael's birth was like a sign. I lost my mother while I was carrying Michael, and he was my godsend. Michael was the happiness he sent me after a very sad time in my life." ?Deloris (qtd. In Halberstam 48) "The near miscarriage was very bad." ?James (qtd. in Halberstam 49) Michael the Jordan's 4th child lived in a pretty much average house, which was on the lower end of the economic pool. When Mike was 2 he had a really close brush with death. James (Mike's father) was outside tuning up his car at his parents house. The ground was still soaked from the earlier downpour. Two extension cords let him stretch a lamp from the kitchen outlet to under the hood of his car. During his labor he saw something out of the corner of his eye. Mike had escaped his playpen and, was on his way to make it a father- son- project. James ran towards him bit it was too late. Mike walked right into the junction of the wires and began playing with them. A sudden surge of current sent him flying back about 3 feet, where he landed in too much shock to cry. (Greats of the Game.com; BioLife.com) James put a net up in the backyard and the boys played all the time. Michael's older brother Larry always beat him. Growing up Mike's favorite sport was baseball, and he was quite good too! He was the MVP of Dixie League and received a scholarship to Mickey Owen Baseball Camp. Michael got better at basketball and, decided to try out for the Varsity Laney High Basketball Team but, wasn't good enough as a sophomore. Jordan, as a sophomore, played on JV and, averaged 27.8 PPG. Jordan after junior year was Davis 4 invited to play at the 5-star Camp where colleges recruited. MJ won 10 trophies including 2 MVP's. The University of North Carolina recruited Jordan. Dean Smith the winningest coach in NCAA basketball history coached Mike. (Greene 52; Halberstam 27, BioLife.com) Most people thought that Mike would come and sit the bench. They were startled when they found out he was a season opener starter. (NBA.com) Mike had a great time playing for UNC, and his nest move was to become eligible for the NBA draft. Mike was 3rd pick behind Hakeem Olajuwon (Houston) and Sam Bowie (Portland) (GreatsoftheGame.com) MJ of course, was drafted by the Chicago Bulls. He was playing there and doing well. Bringing home all types of titles, championships, and MVP's. Then suddenly everything changed. On July 23, 1993, James Jordan was taking a rest in his car, when he woke up and saw a gun pointed to his head. He was shot in what was called a random robbery. JORDAN LOST HIS BEST FRIEND! Later on October 6, of that same year, Jordan shocked friends and fans by announcing his

Free Essays on The Father In Six Characters In Search Of An Author

There are many ties between real life and theater thus relating the two so close that sometimes it is hard to separate the two and at other times it is easy to separate them. Theater is like real life in that there is an audience of people always watching what each other are doing, there are actors who might not know they are actors but someone is watching them, there is an unknown outcome and it is immediate. It is unlike real life in that the participants do not know they are participants, things do not happen at a particular time, and life is real and not rehearsed. This is all very evident in Six Characters in Search of an Author because in many different instances, the father, in particular, makes reference to how their situation is real because they are obviously standing there before the actors, life can be an illusion because what happens today is only a memory tomorrow, and this very situation in which they will portray to the actors and producer is more real then anything t hey can hold real. The six characters, on one side of the coin, have certain things about them that are predetermined. These are things like what they look like and how they will react to any possible situation. This allows for sound reality because the characters are there in the theater with the actors wanting to tell them about their lives. The father is a very important character in this play. He stands out as the backbone of getting the situation underway when they first come into the theatre looking for an author. â€Å"You know very well as a man of the theatre, that life is full of all sorts of odd things which have no need at all to pretend to be real because they are actually true. †¦but you must know better then anyone that Nature uses human imagination to lift her work to even higher levels. I want to try and show you that one can be thrust into life in many ways... It might even be as characters in a play.† The father makes many reference... Free Essays on The Father In Six Characters In Search Of An Author Free Essays on The Father In Six Characters In Search Of An Author There are many ties between real life and theater thus relating the two so close that sometimes it is hard to separate the two and at other times it is easy to separate them. Theater is like real life in that there is an audience of people always watching what each other are doing, there are actors who might not know they are actors but someone is watching them, there is an unknown outcome and it is immediate. It is unlike real life in that the participants do not know they are participants, things do not happen at a particular time, and life is real and not rehearsed. This is all very evident in Six Characters in Search of an Author because in many different instances, the father, in particular, makes reference to how their situation is real because they are obviously standing there before the actors, life can be an illusion because what happens today is only a memory tomorrow, and this very situation in which they will portray to the actors and producer is more real then anything t hey can hold real. The six characters, on one side of the coin, have certain things about them that are predetermined. These are things like what they look like and how they will react to any possible situation. This allows for sound reality because the characters are there in the theater with the actors wanting to tell them about their lives. The father is a very important character in this play. He stands out as the backbone of getting the situation underway when they first come into the theatre looking for an author. â€Å"You know very well as a man of the theatre, that life is full of all sorts of odd things which have no need at all to pretend to be real because they are actually true. †¦but you must know better then anyone that Nature uses human imagination to lift her work to even higher levels. I want to try and show you that one can be thrust into life in many ways... It might even be as characters in a play.† The father makes many reference...

The Story of Baseball Player Michael When He Gets Injured and Loses Essay

The Story of Baseball Player Michael When He Gets Injured and Loses Sight - Essay Example Despite all Michael's fame and fortune, Michael feels incredibly lonely at times. His father, Phil, is virtually never around home because he spends a large part of the year traveling around the world as a symphony orchestra conductor. Up until now, Phil has been able to make up for his long absences with expensive gifts from the four ends of the earth. On the other hand, Michael’s mother, Sarah, is completely the opposite type of character; she is very weak physically as a result of a recent stroke. As such, Sarah cannot travel as much as Phil does. Despite her limitations, Sarah is a strong-willed woman who tries her best to keep Michael in check. Because of their close proximity to each other, Michael and his mother have a close yet sometimes fractured relationship. To make up for her lack of mobility, Sarah has made use of Julia, who works as a servant around the family home. Life for Michael couldn’t be better when tragedy strikes – he suffers a facial injur y during a baseball game that could result in the loss of sight in both or one of his eyes. At first, Michael does not know what to think. Ever since he was a young child, his goal was to become a professional in one of the bigger leagues. If he cannot recover from this injury, his lifelong dream may be in jeopardy. After flying to a specialist eye hospital many hours away, the doctor examines Michael and then informs him of some depressing news – Michael has suffered massive internal bleeding that has the potential to threaten his long-term eyesight. However, there is one small ray of hope that Michael clings onto for dear life. It might be possible for him to have an operation to regain his eyesight, but only after his internal bleeding is cured. This is a process that may take up to two years and is a long shot at best.  

Symbols in Van Eyck's Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife Essay

Symbols in Van Eyck's Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife - Essay Example The placement of the subjects also reveals the rigid gender expectations of the fifteenth century. Whereas Arnolfini is standing next to the window, representing his role as the ambassador for the family, his wife is next to the bed. This symbol works on two levels: it reminds the viewer that she is restricted to home life, and also makes an implicit sexual suggestion – a suggestion which is made explicit when we consider her come hither eyes, and the fact that her appearance resembles that of a pregnant woman. The two pairs of cast-aside shoes in the centre background and left foreground of the picture further this idea of a sexual union. Removed shoes were symbolic of sex in Dutch art. The open, red curtains of the marital bed and the cherries on the tree just visible through the window are equally as suggestive, inducing the viewer to see this portrait as the fervent desire of the couple to procreate. However, it is believed that this portrait could have been commissioned by a man grieving his first wife. This is represented by the chandelier: above the mans head a candle is burning, but the candle above the woman has burnt out. Similarly, in the frame of the mirror, on the left hand side, closer to the man, there are images of Christs life, whereas the ones on the right portray Christs death. This could also explain the disparity between the season (early summer, according to the presence of the tree) and the subjects winter clothing, if the wife had died in the winter

The Scientific Method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Scientific Method - Essay Example The message seemed to shift from â€Å"don’t drink alcohol† to â€Å"if you drink, drink in moderation†. More scientific study actually found that consuming some sorts of alcohol in moderation, such as one glass of wine per day, actually had healthy benefits for the heart. Now the message changed to â€Å"drinking certain types of alcohol in moderation can actually be good for you.† The most recent studies seem to now indicate that the consumption of alcohol is irrelevant to good heart health. The grapes provide the real benefit, not the alcohol; so drinking a small amount of grape juice can render the same beneficial effects as a glass of wine. These ever-changing messages we get about the consumption of alcohol and how it relates to human health is a good example of what science can and can not do. Following the scientific method is a great way to systematically answer scientific questions. But Science cannot provide the whole picture just from one exper iment. Multiple researchers and experiments need to be conducted to constantly add to our body of knowledge. Eventually, some things may become accepted as proof of one concept or another, but using the scientific method is no guarantee that causality or truth can be established.

Service Delivery And Service Recovery Strategy Tourism Essay

Service Delivery And Service Recovery Strategy Tourism Essay Expectation is one of the most important thing related directly to the guest that the hotel has to know in order to be able to provide the service that fulfill the needs and desire of the guest. Its the key to know whats the hotel has to provide in order to make the guest feel satisfy. Before experiencing the service, each guest must have their own expectation. As what Pizam and Ellis had discussed in their research, the meaning of expectation can be describe as a mutable internal standard which is based on a multitude of factors including needs, objectives, past personal or vicarious experiences with the same establishment restaurant, with similar establishments, and the availability of alternatives. Besides on past personal experience and other factors have been mentioned, the expectation of the guest can also be based on whats the hotel had been promised to the guest. Not only that, another factor such as advertisement which is based on external communication can affect the expectation of the guest. For example, the guest who is looking for five star hotels for the accommodation during their holiday will search some particular hotels through the website, brochure, etc. If the advertisement of that particular hotel is very attractive and the physical of the hotel looks luxury and interested, most probably it will build higher expectation to the guest. Halstead (1994) also stated that the guest who, didnt have any experience before they go to one particular hotel, will rely on external source of information. H1: Good advertising could probably affect and increase the expectation made by the guest. Moreover, through the research made by Getty and Thomson in 1994, it is known that the expectation should be elicited prior to the service being provided; otherwise it will be influenced by perceptions of the actual service being provided.For instance, the guest may change her expectations during the service encounter and use those changes (perhaps more realistic) expectations as the standard of comparison. Many researchers support that statement because some think that the information that the guest receive during the current service will affect the expectation they have made before the service experience. Halstead (1993) found that expectations that are measured after service experience was higher for dissatisfy customers than for satisfy customers. On the other side, the guest, who has little or no experience of product and service before, will generate little information that leads to lower expectation made on the first time they experience the service. For instance, the guest who has never been stayed in five star hotel will have lower expectation about the five star hotel they are about to stay. This happened because the guest doesnt know whatare the products and service offered by the five star hotel, the guest just has little information that might be gotten from the advertisement they have seen before. Though there are differentiations for both the factors influence expectation and the times the guest makes their expectation, but normally the expectation of the guest can be grouped as several parts. As written in the research made by Lewis and McCann (2004), they classifying the expectations that based on what the guest expect from three or four star hotels. Below are the results of the ranking both business and leisure guests expect through their staying in three or four star hotels: Clean, comfortable bedrooms with all items in working order. Good quality food and beverages. Friendly, helpful, polite and efficient staff. High level of room security. Speedy, efficient check-in and out. The data above was made in the research made by Dolnicar (2002) to show that most of people expect to have clean room (including bathroom). Meaning to say that the guestwho are staying in three or four star hotel are more concern to the cleanliness of the hotel. Even the data was obtained through the questionnaire; it can change according to how many star of the hotel. Besides, she had completed her data with the expectation from the business travelers hotel expectation by hotel star category. The data is shown below. */** *** **** ***** Good food 8.0% 10.0% 5.6% 3.7% TV 5.3% 6.0% 2.1% 0.0% Good service 1.3% 4.0% 2.6% 4.9% Good location 2.7% 3.0% 2.1% 4.9% Staff 2.7% 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% Good value for money 5.3% 1.5% 3.1% 0.0% Pleasant atmosphere 0.0% 1.5% 3.6% 3.7% Large room 0.0% 1.5% 3.1% 3.7% Toilet 1.3% 1.5% 0.0% 0.0% Cheap 1.3% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% Shower 9.3% 1.0% 1.5% 1.2% Internet 0.0% 1.0% 1.5% 2.5% High quality 0.0% 0.5% 1.5% 2.5% Food 6.7% 0.0% 0.0% 2.5% Comfortable bed 2.7% 0.0% 1.0% 1.2% Comfort 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 3.7% It is shown in the data above that the expectation from business travelers hotel expectation is different according to the star of the hotel theyve been staying at. Both of the data above broaden the factors influence expectation of the guest; star of the hotel and type of the guest are also influence the expectation made by guest. Jonathan D. Barsky also stated that the perception of product or service performance will influence the response made by guest if it combines with the expectation or pre-experience standard. When the guest has no pre-experience standards or expectation, the response of the guest will directly reveal their perception of the product or service experience without being affected by their expectation. Satisfaction In hospitality industry, the guest will evaluate more on its service than its product. Quality of service becomes the most important things that the guest will experience and give their valuation through. Since every guest wish to perceive the best service or in the other word; excellent service, hotel has to make efforts in giving them what they wish. The meaning of the excellent service is given in the research made by Berry, Parasuraman, and Zeithami which is a profit strategy because it results in more new customers, more business with existing customers, fewer lost customers, more insulation from price competition, and fewer mistakes requiring the re-performance of services (1994, pg. 32 Vol 8. No. 2). It is clearly said that through the excellent service, hotel will increase their customer and decrease the lost of the customer. In other words, if hotel gives excellent service to the guest, it will result in having more profit for the hotel itself.However, excellent service will lead to satisfaction of the guest which will cause in the increasing of guests loyalty. When it comes to satisfaction, every guest who feels satisfy with the service given will disposed to be loyal to the hotel. So, it can be said that the satisfaction the hotel wants to obtain from the guest is to gain the loyalty from them.It was said by Jones and Sasser (1995) that increased customer loyalty is a critical driver of a firms long-term financial performance. Besides, the guests who feel dissatisfied with the hotel will reduce loyalty and the reputation of the hotel through the action they may do after experienced service failure. Therefore, satisfaction is the goal that the hotel wants to achieve. The meaning of customer satisfaction had been written in the article as a psychological concept that involves the feeling of well-being and pleasure that results from obtaining what one hopes for and expects from an appealing product and/or service (WTO, 1985). Through this definition, it is known that satisfaction can be obtained by fulfilling guests hopes and expectation. Furthermore, satisfaction is not a definite thing that will go constantly the same; each person will perceive different level of satisfaction even when they are in the same hospitality experience. The reason behind it is that each guest has their own needs, objectives, and past experience that will affect their expectations. Based on this statement, its very important for the hotel to know how to measure customer satisfaction. Of course, the reason for measuring customer satisfaction has to be clear in order to get the right information from the guest. According to Naumann (1995), five objectives that are the reasons the hotel measures customer satisfaction are: To get close to the customer It was well explained that the hotel has not only just know but also understand the most important attributes to customer, why those attributes affects customers decision making, the importance of those attributes, and get a feedback of how well the hotel perform to deliver each attribute. Measure continuous improvement The attributes that are necessary for the customer are linked directly to value added processes in the firm and are put into a form consistent with the internal measurements used to evaluate the process. To achieve customer driven improvement Not all customers are from the same source of valuable innovation. This will need creation of a comprehensive database that not only tracks sales, but sources of innovations. To measure competitive strengths and weaknesses Perceptions of the customer will be determined by the competitive choices. This is achieved through the possible survey and future customers as well as current and past customers. To link customer satisfaction measurement data to internal systems (Naumann, 1995, pp.22-7). Knowing that satisfaction is very important to be learned in the industry especially service industry such as hospitality industry, there have been research discussed about this topic. There have been nine distinct that researchers developed about the theories of customer satisfaction. The nine theories include: expectancy disconfirmation, assimilation or cognitive dissonance, contrast, assimilation-contrast, equity, attribution, comparison-level, generalized negativity, and value-precept (Oh and Parks, 1997). Based on expectancy disconfirmation theory, satisfaction is caused by confirmation or positive disconfirmation of consumer expectations, and dissatisfaction is caused by negative disconfirmation of consumer expectations. (Pizam and Ellis, 1999). When the outcomes received by the guest are different from what the guest have been expected, negative disconfirmation occurs. According to the research made by Yuksel (2001), there is positive disconfirmation when the service performance is better than what the guest had been expected before which lead to the satisfaction of the guest. When service performance is the same as the guests expectation, there is a confirmation which still leads to the satisfaction of the guest. Moreover, the guest will feel dissatisfy when the service performance is not good as what the guest had been expected which there will be a negative disconfirmation occurs. At the time the guest feel dissatisfy, it means that the need and wants of the guest cant be fulfilled by the hotel. Even though the satisfaction of the guest depends on the service performance and the expectation, minimum tolerable level also give impact to the satisfaction of the guest. Minimum tolerable level is the situation where the guest still can accept the failure that the hotel made. According to Yuksel (2011), depending on the situation, some of the guests will still feel satisfy when the service performance falls short of their predictive expectation but above the minimum tolerable level. Each person has different minimum tolerable level as they have different expectation. Basically, this minimum tolerable level cant be predicted and measured, so the hotel cant provide the service based on this minimum tolerable level just to prevent the guest feel dissatisfied. H2: When the hotel cant meet the high expectation made by guest, they will still feel satisfy if the service meets their minimum tolerable level. According to Pizam (1999), Dissatisfiers were more likely to earn a complaint for low performance or absence of a desired feature than anything else. But an operation that exceeds the threshold performance standard apparently will not receive compliments on the attributes. Meaning to say, the guest can be easily feel dissatisfy of the failures or the small things that not happened smoothly but will be very hard to appreciate the higher performance level achieved by the hotel. For example, the guest will easily feel dissatisfy when they expect the bathroom was clean but they found a rubbish near the basin. However, the guest will not be easily impressed when they expect the room was clean and the hotel provide more than that with decorating the room with a flower. Service Recovery Service Recovery was made because its impossible to give a maintain service that will never change nor have a mistake. In order to compete with other industries, each has to improve their performance all the time. Not only creating new stuff, products, or refurbished the building but also improving the service. Unfortunately, even there is a significant improvement, mistakes and failures will always be made since theres no so called perfect service.Through this realized condition, hotel creates recovery service to obtain positive response from the guest. Service recovery involves those actions designed to resolve problems, alter negative attitudes of dissatisfied customers and to ultimately retain these customers (Miller et al., 2000, p.38), and it includes situations in which a service failure occurs but no complaint is lodged by the customers (Smith et al., 1999, p. 359). There are always the strategies made before doing the recovery of the service. According to Lewis and McCann (2004), service recovery strategies are the actions that services providers take, in response to defects or failures, comprise a combination of psychological recoveries and tangible efforts. In addition, service recovery strategy is made to avoid bad response showed by the guest after theyve experienced service failure. When the guest experienced service failure, they may switch their option and move to the competitors, make a complaint that will give bad impact for the hotel if they speak out in public media, and the worst thing; they may use negative words to share about the bad experienced theyve had. As word of mouth is one of the media that works fast among people, negative words shared by the guest can influence hotels profit and reputation.There have been many researches stated that dissatisfied customers might tell ten to twenty people about their bad experience with their colleagues (Zemke, 1999). In order to decrease dissatisfactionthat lead to the negative consequences for hotel, some strategies have to be performed to the guest that experienced service failure as the recovery. H3: Service recovery strategy will prevent the hotel from the negativeopinion shared by the guest who had experienced service failures. At the first time the guest chose the place to stay, they have made their expectation and when the guest dont get what they have been expected or the quality that they evaluate is very poor, the guest will feel dissatisfy. After feel dissatisfy, the guest will either make a complaint or give their feedback to the hotel. From those situations, then only the hotel know that theres some failures occur.Sundaram, Jurowski, and Webster (1997) had mentioned in their research that Dissatisfied customers expect that service failures will be recovered when they complain. Moreover, there are five broad service dimensions that the guests use to evaluate or judge the service quality. The five dimensions are: RELIABILITY : The ability to perform the promised service dependably (32%) and accurately. RESPONSIVENESS : The willingness to help customers and provide prompt (22%) service. ASSURANCE : The knowledge and courtesy of employees and their (19%) ability to convey trust and confidence. EMPHATY : The caring, individualized attention provided to (16%) customers. TANGIBLES : The appearance of physical facilities, equipment, (11%)personnel, and communication materials. Those five broad service dimensions will affect to the evaluation made by the guest. Once one of the dimensions cant be fulfilled by the hotel, the evaluation from the guest through the hotel will decrease and vice versa. As human being, we will absolutely make a mistake. Thats why the service which is done by the staff will never be constantly perfect. Its a common thing for a hotel to do some failures to the guest. However, when some failure occurs, the hotel will definitely do the recovery to enhance customer satisfaction, build customer relationship, and keep the loyalty of their guest. Service recovery strategy is described by Gronroos (1988) in their research as the actions that hotels take in response to defects or failures. The action of recovery strategy is done with the range of doing nothing to do some efforts to fix the problems or the failures occur. A lot of researchers have made the research connecting with service recovery strategies theme. The summary of the research, about the strategies the hotel do after the failures occur, made by Bitner et al. (1990), Kelley et al. (1993), Johnston (1994), Hoffman et al., (1995), Tax et al. (1998), Miller et al. (2000) and Lewis and Spyrakopoulos (2001), generate the result that the strategies may be classified as : Apology; Corrections; Empathy; Compensation; Follow-up; Acknowledgement; Explanation; Exceptional Treatment; and Managerial Intervention. Apology is a basic strategy the hotel does after some failures occur. The moment the hotel does some failures, the first action to be taken is to apologize to the guest. When apologize is compulsory to be implemented as a service recovery strategy, the other action needs to be done according to the failures made by the hotel. Berry, Parasuraman, and Zeithaml (1994) stated that even though the guests appreciate an apology, the apology will not make the guest forget the memory about the service failure happened. That makes the other recovery strategy was made to be fit in the type of failures. Even though some strategies may need to be done at the same time, some may not need to be done at all. For example; compensation will not necessary be donewhen the failure occurs is just the small failure such as mention the name of the guest wrongly. Effectiveness After service failure occurred, hotel will give the prompt service recovery strategy that match the failure and the guest will react according to what theyve received. The response of the guest will determine whether the service recovery strategy is effective. Meaning to say, the effectiveness of service recovery strategy can be measured with seeing guests response. When the guest feel satisfy with the service recovery strategy given by the hotel, it means the service recovery given was effective. Dissatisfaction of the service recovery given by the hotel is evidence that the service recovery was not effective. The guest who feel satisfy with the service recovery strategy offered will forget about the failure and may increase their satisfaction level after dissatisfaction occurred. In contrast, when the service recovery offered didnt match what the guests expected, they will feel dissatisfy and may not be loyal to that particular hotel.Other than that, Tax et al. (1998) had mentioned in his research that even though a customer may be satisfied with the type of service recovery strategies offered, the recovery evaluation might be poor because of the process endured to obtain the recovery outcome. So, the process how the hotel delivers the service recovery will affect the overall satisfaction of the guest. However, the service recovery strategies given by the hotel will be affected by some factors. Each strategy may give different result for different people. A man who has been travelling for 2 years will have different expectation and will have different result in receiving service recovery strategy than a man who has never been for travelling. Many researches about the effectiveness of recovery strategy were built upon this kind of situation. Further, factors that influence the type and effectiveness of service recovery strategies are : The service (e.g. Mattila, 2001); Purpose of purchase (e.g. McDougall and Levesque, 1999); The failure (e.g. Smith et.al, 1999); The magnitude of the failure (Kelley et al., 1993; Smith et al., 1999; Michel, 2001; Mattila, 2001); Previous experience with an organization (e.g. Tax et al., 1998); and Service recovery expectations (e.g. Miller et al., 2000). When the hotel offered one of service recovery strategies, they have to choose the right strategy that can possibly increase guests satisfaction. Magnitude of the failure will definitely affect the type and effectiveness of service recovery strategy. For example; hotel has made the failure throughthe bad temperature of the food given to the guest. Since it was a small failure, the recovery strategy given will be different from the time the hotel did big failure such as; the room where the guest stayed wasnt clean. According to Zemke (1999), only the guest themselves who can describe and tell how annoying is a particular service failure has been. Miller et al., (2000) stated that if the failures made by hotel are very serious, it will later require more drastic reparation. That will make service organization need to train more of their front-line employees so they can be able to handle the guests complaint and asses their situation correctly. Moreover, service recovery expectation also gives big impact on the effectiveness of recovery strategy. Kelley and Davis (1994) found that the guest who rated highly for the service quality will mainly have higher expectation on service recovery strategy. It can be understood by the guest to have a better service recovery on five star hotel that to have service recovery by four star hotel. In other way, it can be said that the quality of the hotel will surely affect the expectation of the recovery strategy. It is stated by Hart, Heskett, and Sasser (1990) that the main reason of the guest dissatisfaction is the problem resolution which cant satisfy the guest and up to 50% of the guest who experience service failure not feel satisfy with the recovery strategy (Best and Andreasen, 1976; Zeithaml, Berry, and Parasuraman, 1990). Based on this situation, hotel has to follow up the guest to make sure that the service recovery they have made was successfully increasing the satisfaction of the guest. After the hotel has given the recovery strategy to the guest, they will not know the response of the guest until they follow up their guest and receive their evaluations. Giving the service recovery to the guest for the first time when the hotel made some failures will not always give the same result on the guest for the second time. When the first time the hotel made mistakes, some guests can be offered the minimum service recovery strategies or another service recovery strategy depends on the failures made by the hotel. That can reduce dissatisfaction of the guest, but it will give different result on the second, third, and on the next arrival. On the second arrival, the guest may not be able to accept the same way of service recovery strategy theyve ever offered. With the same recovery strategy given by the hotel on the second time with the same service failures experienced, the guest may not feel satisfy.Thats why, the evaluation and feedback is needed to know the guests response. Of course there will be more advantages on hotel when they can successfully give service recovery strategy that match the failure theyve made. First, they can get loyalty from the guest. Loyal customers are those who continue to stick with an unsatisfying product/seller with the hope that things will soon improve (Boshoff, 1997; Hirschman, 1970). When the guest feel satisfy with the service perceived, they will be loyal to the hotel and willing to come for another time. Loyalty of the guest will directly impact the profit of the hotel. It will lead to the increasing of the profit of hotel. Besides the loyalty and profitability, the effective recovery strategy can prevent the spread of negative word of mouth that is believed to be the most important post-purchase behavior. Service entities could increase their profits up to 85% by reducing the customer defection rate by 5% (Reichheld and Sasser, 1990).It has been proved that word of mouth has an effective power in spreading their opinion as a free advertisement tools. So, if hotel make the guest satisfy, the advertisement via word of mouth will be very useful to be used for spreading good advertisement. In the other way, if the hotel make the guest dissatisfy, the advertisement via word of mouth will not be useful anymore. It will even give bad impact to the hotel and may decrease the profit of the hotel. The last thing, when the hotel can handle the complaint of the guest and give the best service strategy match with the failure was made, they can build the trust from the guest. Moorman, Deshpande, and Zaltman (1993) defined trust as the willingness to rely on an exchange partner in whom one has confidence (p. 315). The moment the guest trusts the hotel, the guest will willing to come again to the same hotel. The trust built by making the guest satisfy can also make the guest increase their minimum tolerable level. Both loyalty and trust will give long term benefit for the hotel. Basically, when the hotel had successfully build trust in the guest, loyalty will directly follow. As the guest has trust the hotel, they will be loyal to that particular hotel. They will feel safe and comfortable with the hotel because they have trusted that the hotel will do their best to provide and deliver the best service. It is proved by Gilly (1987) that the guests who experience the service failure and did complainthen feel satisfy with the service recovery given, have higher repurchase intention than the guest who already satisfied with the service and did not complain. H4 : Guest expectation will be higher after he experienced service failure and offered recovery strategy.

British Literature: Past and Present Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  British literature continues to be read and analyzed because the themes, motifs and controversies that people struggled with in the past are still being debated today. The strongest themes that were presented in this course related to changing governments, the debate about equity between blacks and whites, men and women and rich and poor, and the concern about maintaining one’s cultural identity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The evolution of governments was a constant theme throughout the course, beginning with the lesson on the Introduction to Romanticism, where Edmund Burke, Thomas Paine, Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin debated the equity between rich and poor that was tearing France apart. The theme continued through the lesson about the Impact of Industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Burke was too close to his political sources to acknowledge the atrocities that were happening to France’s poor. He argued in favor of keeping the current political system, fearing that corruption would fill the vacuum of power if the monarchy was dissolved. This fear is still prevalent today after the United States ousted Iraq’s Sadaam Hussain. In both situations, people are concerned with the vacuum of power, fearing that someone more corrupt than the current administration would fill the void.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wollstonecraft countered Burke’s debate and trumpeted the plight of the poor. She argued that to turn a deaf ear to the cruelty was a vote for tyranny.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The rich and the weak, a numerous train, will certainly applaud your   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  system, and loudly celebrate your pious reverence for authority and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  establishments - they find it pleasanter to enjoy than to think; to justify   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  oppression than correct abuses (The Longman Anthology of British   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Literature, The Rights of Man, p. 82).†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She added that, â€Å"They (the poor) ... .... David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 1,060-1,068. Joel, Billy. We Didn’t Start the Fire. Storm Front. 1989. Dylan, Bob. The Times They Are A Changin’. The Times They Are A Changin’.1964. Performed live by Joel, Billy. Kohuept. 1987. Equiano, Olaudah. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. London: Stationer's Hall, 1789. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 160-169. Prince, Mary, The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave. London: F. Westley and A. H. Davis, 1831. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 169-174. Heaney, Seamus. The Singer’s House. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 2,893. Shaw, Bernard. Pygmalion. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 2,087-2,143. British Literature: Past and Present Essay -- essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  British literature continues to be read and analyzed because the themes, motifs and controversies that people struggled with in the past are still being debated today. The strongest themes that were presented in this course related to changing governments, the debate about equity between blacks and whites, men and women and rich and poor, and the concern about maintaining one’s cultural identity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The evolution of governments was a constant theme throughout the course, beginning with the lesson on the Introduction to Romanticism, where Edmund Burke, Thomas Paine, Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin debated the equity between rich and poor that was tearing France apart. The theme continued through the lesson about the Impact of Industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Burke was too close to his political sources to acknowledge the atrocities that were happening to France’s poor. He argued in favor of keeping the current political system, fearing that corruption would fill the vacuum of power if the monarchy was dissolved. This fear is still prevalent today after the United States ousted Iraq’s Sadaam Hussain. In both situations, people are concerned with the vacuum of power, fearing that someone more corrupt than the current administration would fill the void.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wollstonecraft countered Burke’s debate and trumpeted the plight of the poor. She argued that to turn a deaf ear to the cruelty was a vote for tyranny.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The rich and the weak, a numerous train, will certainly applaud your   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  system, and loudly celebrate your pious reverence for authority and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  establishments - they find it pleasanter to enjoy than to think; to justify   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  oppression than correct abuses (The Longman Anthology of British   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Literature, The Rights of Man, p. 82).†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She added that, â€Å"They (the poor) ... .... David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 1,060-1,068. Joel, Billy. We Didn’t Start the Fire. Storm Front. 1989. Dylan, Bob. The Times They Are A Changin’. The Times They Are A Changin’.1964. Performed live by Joel, Billy. Kohuept. 1987. Equiano, Olaudah. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano. London: Stationer's Hall, 1789. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 160-169. Prince, Mary, The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave. London: F. Westley and A. H. Davis, 1831. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 169-174. Heaney, Seamus. The Singer’s House. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 2,893. Shaw, Bernard. Pygmalion. Rpt. in The Longman Anthology of British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch, et al. Vol. 2. New York: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 2003. 2,087-2,143.

Ritu Kumar

ABOUT  RITU KUMAR Birth: November 11, 1944 Place of Birth: Amritsar, Punjab Label: Ritu, LABEL Introduction Ritu Kumar is the largest & most respected designer brand in India today. Since 1969 she has developed a unique style of her own, reflecting the ancient traditions of Indian craftsmanship in a contemporary vocabulary. Her understanding of ancient designs and the innovative use of traditional crafts has created a new classicism. The company is renowned for its distinctive use of colors, quality of fabrics, intricate embroideries and a gloriously rich Indian aesthetic.An icon of the Indian Fashion industry and a frontrunner in establishing a position for India in the global forum,Ritu Kumar's contribution has been impeccable to the fashion fraternity, both nationally and internationally. With almost five decades of work for display, the designer excels in both traditional and western outfits, thoughethnic attires being her specialty. She was the first women to bring the boutiqu e culture to India, under the name†Ritu†. The gradual change in the fashion scenario has also lead to a change of designs for her brand.She haskept in sync with the varying times and has effectively brought creativity and innovativeness with eachcollection. Ritu holds the status of being a revivalist in the fashion scenario, which has successfully bridged thegap between conservative and conventional style. Company History Mrs. Kumar became the first woman to introduce the ‘boutique’ culture in India under the brand name ‘Ritu’. Her work is constantly evolving within an aesthetic which is sophisticated both in the eastern and western sense, with ach of her collections making a contemporary statement in a fast changing modern India. The Brand Ritu Kumar has been retailing in Europe and India since 1970’s. The products include couture, formal pret accessories and a fashion forward sub brand called LABEL, Ritu Kumar. Currently Ritika Pvt. Lim ited operates two main production centers Gurgaon and Calcutta. Factories are equipped with in? house printing, tailoring, finishing and quality control facilities. It self runs and franchises retail outlets under the label RITU KUMAR.Ritu pioneering work in reviving master craftsmanship has earned her several accolades including the French Honor â€Å"chevalier des arts et des lettres† , a knighthood was awarded to her by French government in recognition of her contribution to Indian textile crafts and her interaction with French fashion world. She has also been graced with ‘Indira Gandhi Priyadarshini award’ for her achievements and contribution in the field of fashion. Mother Teresa, Birju Maharaj, Pt. Hari Prasad were previous recipients of this prestigious award. COSTUMES AND TEXTILE OF ROYAL INDIAIn October 1999 Christies of London published Ritu Kumar’s book â€Å"Costumes and Textiles of Royal India† a definitive chronicle of the history of India’s royal patronage to textile arts down the centuries starting with the historical context of Mohenjo Daro to the present era of vintage royalty. The book is an academic fashion history text which has become a key reference for its field in India. PERSONAL BACKGROUND: Ritu Kumar was born on 11th November 1944 in Amritsar, Punjab. A native of Delhi, Ritu graduated fromLady Irwin College in 1964 and did her higher education from Briarcliff College, NY, USA in 1966.Theace designer had a humble beginning in a small village, near Kolkata, in 1960, with hand block printers andtwo tablets to flaunt about. With the passage of years, fashion grew and so did her network. From being adesigner to an author, Ritu Kumar has been the master of the game. Her son Ashvin Kumar is director, whose has made films like Road to Ladakh (2002) and short filmLittle  Terrorist(2004), which was nominated for the2004Academy Award for Live Action Short Film,and in which she did the costume design. Ritu Kumar is the largest & most respected designer brand in India today.Since 1969 she has developed aunique style of her own, reflecting the ancient traditions of Indian craftsmanship in a contemporary vocabulary. Her understanding of ancient designs and the innovative use of traditional crafts has created a new classicism. The company is renowned for its distinctive use of colors, quality of fabrics, intricate embroidies and a gloriously rich Indian aesthetic. ACHIEVEMENT HIGHLIGHTS: 1966 – Ritu’s first Boutique opened in Delhi at D3 Defence Colony Link Road, New Delhi. This was thefirst ever boutique in Delhi. 1968 As a celebration of 21 years of Ritu, THE TREE OF LIFE, as audio visual fashion tableau wasmounted, by invitation the Crafts Museum in New Delhi. 1970 – A fashion show; called â€Å"the Fashion Mood of the Seventies†. It was the very early attempt to bringsome professionalism into the ramp. 1972 – Fashion Parade by RITU’S BOUT IQUE at the Tollygunge Club, Calcutta. 1974 – RITU’S BOUTIQUE opens at Bombay. 1975 – She started a company called Kalamkari Designs Pvt. Ltd. jointly with her husband. Franchiseswere also started with Harrods London, Liberty, andLondon for brief periods. 1985 – The ZARDOZI COLLECTION of traditional wear was exhibited at the festival of India in the USA. Ritu’s boutique was by this time was renamed simply as- RITU. 1990 – Established RITU a shop within a shop at Paris, as an ongoing promotion of India 1994 – Ritu was approached by Femina Miss India to professionalize the wardrobes for the finalists of thecontestants. 1998 – â€Å"Lifetime Achievement Award† by the National Institute of Fashion Technology. Ritu wasappointed on the Board of Governors at NIFT. Outstanding Women Entrepreneur Award† by the PHD-Chamber of Commerce. 2000 – â€Å"Lifetime achievement award† set by Kingfisher Group. 2002 †“ Launch of first sub brand – Ritu Kumar ‘Label’. 2004 – Selected as the President of FDCI board. Designer of the year 2004 by F Awards. 2006 – Bridal collection at the Lycra MTV Awards. ‘Glam Womenswear(India) Award by Tuscan VerveZoom Glan Awards. 2007 – Opened Ritu Kumar’s outlet in New York. 2008 – Awarded knighthood for contribution to Arts & Letters by the French government (Life Time Achievement Award).EARLY   BEGINNING †¢Concept development In the late 1960s India was going through profound changes; plastics had replaced mud, brass and silver;factory produced papers and woods took the place of sophisticated handicrafts and nylons displaced anancient heritage of cotton and silk. It was not only a battle between tradition and modernity; it was also aconfrontation of lifestyles and values. During this time, a small group who had benefited from unique opportunities of study and travel began tosee the depth of the craft and design heritage of their own country.They discovered that India was areservoir of delicate skills. In an attempt to merge their international experiences together with the skills of  their people, they became aware that contemporary designers must revitalize their own roots and identity. This was essential to take Indian creativity out into the world in such a way that benefited both craftsmenand the modern consumer. †¢Starting of the venture Ritu began with hand block printers and two tablets in a small village near Kolkata. Mrs. Kumar became the first woman to introduce the ‘boutique’ culture in India under the brand name ‘Ritu’.Her work is constantly evolving within an aesthetic which is sophisticated both in the eastern and western sense, with each of her collections making a contemporary statement in a fast changing modern India. †¢ Capital contribution less than Rs. 10,000 (estimated figure) T  URNING   POINT †¢Snaps hots of struggle phase She initially faced many problems for her business as she was a woman entrepreneur, which was a rare phenomenon. Confronted with the challenges associated with trying to build a designer business in a country facing infrastructural woes.Uninterrupted power, superior quality, and advanced skills were not easily available in India during the time. †¢Promotional strategies 1. No commodity production in beginning due to lack of infrastructure. 2. Diversification rather than expansion. 3. Pioneered the term ‘fashion' in the Indian context. 4. Customer satisfaction. 5. Created an image of a reliable company. 6. Importance of hand-made products. 7. The mix and match of the Indian and western wear. JOURNEY  TO SUCCESS †¢Entrepreneurial traits 1. Determination: She was determined to build up Ritu Kumar’s Boutique. . Confidence: Started business in relatively new innovative field. Her confidence was commendable when comparing with the challenges that she has faced. 3. Motivation: Employee feedbacks. Performance checks. Work place principles. 4. Risk Taker  : Mrs. Kumar became the first woman to introduce the ‘boutique’ culture in India under  the brand name ‘Ritu’. 5. Innovative: She was the one who put forth the importance of hand-made products as it can be as cost-effective as machine-made clothes and even more gorgeous than those. †¢Principles and policy of enterprisePut forth the importance of hand-made products as it can be as cost-effective as machine-made clothes andeven more gorgeous than those. Ritu Kumar with her team of committed designers has come a long way. She has worked mainly on cotton, silk and leather and produced some of the country's most magnificentgarments. Ritu Kumar's specialty is traditional Indian clothes, which highlights on the textile andembroidery heritage of India. But the mix and match of the Indian and western wear also holds a primeposition in her work.C   ONTRIBUTION †¢Ethics and corporate social responsibility By putting forth the idea of hand made products she has employed many people, especially the women andthe lower segments, mostly in villages. She had also tried to keep the Indian values and ethics high, whichcan be seen throughout her work. â€Å"Ritu has pioneered the term ‘fashion' in the Indian context, and more importantly  has demonstrated that hand made products can be as profitable and even moreglamorous than those made by the machine.

Dolphins1 essays

Dolphins1 essays Dolphins are playful and cleverness make them fascinating to watch . Dolphins are not fish they are mammals that live in the sea . They have to come to the top of the water every half minute , so they can breathe . But dolphins can stay under the water for six or seven minutes ,if he holds his breath . The dolphin breathes in his head because he has a blow hole in his head that allows him to breathe . Dolphins have a lot of teeth to help them eat. Each dolphin has almost one hundred teeth in his mouth all the same size and shape . The only work the teeths have is catching food , but not chewing it. First the dolphin catches a fish then he swallows it . A dolphin has a good eye . But sometimes he can't see very well in the water because is so full of shadows , and mud , and plantsthat grow at he bottom . The dolphin uses his ears so much it is hard to see his hears . They are located in the sides of his heads and are two tiny pin holes . The dolphin can hear very well . A dolphin sleeps a foot or two below the top of the water . He takes little naps every half minute or so he moves his tail up and down .This brings him up for a breath of air . Then he drifts down and sleeps some more . Some dolphins stay together they play and learn and grow up . One reason they stay together is the enemies in the sea . The Shark is their enemy and so is the Killer Whale .If a killer whale comes close , the dolphins make a circle . The female dolphins and their babies are in the middle of the circle . The male dolphins swim around the outside of the cicle . It is hard to attack when there is a bunch of dolphins . But sometimes the enemy attacks and the dolphins attack back . When a dolphin cries for help the other dolphin comes to help . One day some dolphins were playing around a big boat they did flips in the water and jumped high in the air . But one dolphin was jumping to...

APA and Chicago Manual Of Style Writing

APA and Chicago Manual Of Style Writing Whether youre writing your first high school term paper, or putting the finishing touches on your doctoral thesis, a great essay needs more than simply good ideas. For ease of reading and proper citations, you need to make sure that your writing is encapsulated in one of the standard forms. You should first better acquaint you with the two most popular writing styles for term papers todaythe APA and Chicago Manual of Style formats. Using Approved Styles for Citations One of the most important functions of both the APA Style and Chicago Manual of Style is citation creation. Few thoughts are wholly original, but youll want to make sure that any supporting materials you quote are properly cited. Failing to properly cite your sources amounts to plagiarism, which can ruin your academic career in a single instance. Remember the days of endless footnotes and bulky numbered lists of citations at the end of an academic paper? The beauty of these new formats is that you can make your citations in an easier way with little effort. Using parenthetical citations, you can quickly cite your source, and add publication information to a simple list of cited works at the papers end. Using Approved Styles for Standard Writing Whether you are a newspaper reporter, or simply are writing for an Internet publication, youll want to make certain that youre using the right style. How you and your company are perceived rests, in large part, in the quality of your writing. You will want to be sure your capitalization and punctuation is more than correctyoull want to make sure it meets the accepted standards. How do you find out what those standards are? Simply by using either the APA format or the Chicago Manual of Style format, you can align your writing to the most popular standards out there. Across the country, most newspapers use the Chicago Manual of Style as a measuring stick against which all their copy is compared. Academia has likewise embraced the APA style guide as standard, expecting its publications to adhere to its standards. What You Might Not Know about Modern Language Most of us consider ourselves good, solid writers. But how perfected is your style? Do you know when to capitalize technological terms, and when to double and single space quotations? How would you quote poetry, if you had to? Beyond these stylistic questions, you might also find you have questions on the finer points of grammar. The tragedy of modern day education is that while you are certainly expected to use correct grammar, many public institutions no longer teach grammar and usage heavily. Many writers no longer know when to use who or whom, and few could tell you exactly when to use a semi-colon over a comma. These basic grammatical points, when overlooked, can make your writing look sloppy and juvenile. How to Perfect Your Writing Maybe youre looking for APA and Chicago Manual Of Style Writing Resources. But sometimes the information contained in most of these resources is partial or incomplete. Do you have a specific question youre having trouble answering? Luckily, you can find solid, comprehensive APA and Chicago Manual of Style writing resources that cover all of your citation and style needs. Using the magic of technology, you can purchase APA format software or publication manual to use as a complete reference tool. Tighten your writing, and ensure the accuracy of business and academic papers by perfecting your style.

Drama Wit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Drama Wit - Essay Example This play demonstrates every angle of this treatment. "Wit" is excellent demonstration of physical and mental situation of patient, Prof Vivian, going through very aggressive treatment. It last eight months, and during the whole course she comes across hospital staff that approached her with different attitudes. DR. Jason, former student of Prof Vivian and a clinical fellow, was very intelligent and hard working. He respects Vivian most, which is visible from conversation between Jason and Susie, but at the same time very serious about his fellowship and research. When Susie asks for lowering Vivian's dose, he refuses and sticks to full dose, for research purpose. Susie, the nurse, is very soft hearted and caring. She love Vivian and wants to help Vivian in all the way her need. She cares for her and do not like to see her in pain. It is visible from scene when she asks Jason to lessen dose for Vivian because of her physical situation. She is always there when Vivian need somebody to talk. This is understood from the conversation betwee n Susie and Vivian after whole course is over. Dr Kelekian, Vivian's doctor, is a good person. He wishes to cure her, at the same time he consider her a research. He is very strict with profession and do not allow involvement of emotions. Vivian was more a research than a patient for both Kelekian and Jason. They both insist for full dose in spite of Vivian’s bad physical condition. At the end also, although Jason knows about Vivian’s DNR status, he call code because he want her to stay alive for his research. All these conversations and actions show that overall Vivian is treated with respect and caring, but at the same time she is an object for research.... All these conversations and actions show that overall Vivian is treated with respect and caring, but at the same time she is an object for research. Through all course of action, audience is encouraged to react sympathetically towards Vivian. This was about other characters of drama. Now talk about centre charter of play, Vivian. She is a very intelligent and tough lady. She survives through 8 months long strong treatment, which no one expected. She is very strict with her profession as well, and that is why she understands Dr. Kelekian's strictness of treatment. She understands importance of research and supports all the requirements. There are many scenes in drams where her toughness is clearly visible, but at last, after all suffering, she also gives up the hope of living. She decides to become "DNR". Conclusion This play is not just about Vivian, but all the patients going through very painstaking treatments. Many times treatments give positive results, but there are some times when the treatment fails. If treatment success, every thing is fine and patient gets back to the normal life, but when treatment fails, situation of last days is very important. A person always wish to live his last days on earth with great pleasure. There can not be bad thing than spending days in hospital with hope of cure. Hope is good, only when it comes true, but spending days in a hope, when it is impossible to happen, is worse. Situation of Vivian is similar; she is spending her last days in hospital. In her last days, she is undergoing aggressive treatment, taking medicines, injections and giving exams. Is it the thing that we should offer to a person who is about to die Her cancer was at last stage, and was clearly incurable. When doctors knew it,

Transition of the patient that is discharged after a surgery and Research Paper

Transition of the patient that is discharged after a surgery and challenges they will face at home - Research Paper Example My role as a nurse involves the management of care after discharge in order to enhance the healing process of the patient. Particularly, this will entail the dissemination of the right kind of information necessary to enhance the healing process o the patient. The home environment can be regulated in a manner that fosters the healing process. Without such regulation, it could turn potentially dangerous to the patient. This process of management involves an acknowledgement of the deficiencies of the home environment and the need to manage the discharge process and the intervening period in ways that add value to the healing process. For Ms M’s condition, these conditions revolve empowering her with sufficient knowledge to enable her to manage aspects of her own recovery. It will also involve the process of empowering the family members with the right kind of information that will be necessary in the provision of family support in the course of her healing process. The intervent ion also considered matters related to diet, which forms part of the key requirements of her quick recovery. Experience of transition to home After her discharge, Ms M will undergo healing in an environment of solitude. She is a widow and stays alone as her children mother and sisters live in different places. Her husband died of graft vs host disease after undergoing a transplant. Although she receives occasional support from her visiting children, she requires constant watch and help in order to protect her from strenuous physical activity. Although she lives separately from her mother and the rest of the family, Ms M enjoys close correspondence and contact with all of them. This support would constitute significant positive force to aid in the healing process. Except for her mother, other members of the family demonstrate strength and understanding of her condition. Her son shows up occasionally to assist her with menial tasks around the home. Ms M deliberately shields her mother from the truth of her health condition fearing that she might panic. Nevertheless, she demonstrates remarkable courage and enthusiasm, which are essential in the healing process. One challenge is that the family members available to assist her may not have the necessary information and expertise of handling Ms M in her present condition. While at the hospital, Ms M was under the care of competent medical personnel. Furthermore, her diet received proper regulated and her eating monitored. The hospital environment was generally conducive for her healing process to take place. However, this schedule changed after discharge. She had to fend for herself and live her life away from the guidance and monitoring of trained professionals. It is in line with the realization of the attendant challenges that a follow-up program became necessary. The overarching intention to create conditions and an environment of support and the provision of necessary support for faster healing in recognition o f the unique challenges and difficulties, which Ms M faces. Patient’s episodic health needs The patient Ms M was diagnosed with Right renal artery stenosis, right femoral false aneurysm, severe disease in her superficial femoral arteries. This condition necessitated a surgical procedure on the Right Axillo femoral bypass and repair femoral false aneurysm. In the past the patient suffered from hypertension,